Mix the flour, baking powder, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves together in a bowl.

Cream butter and brown sugar together with an electric mixer in a large bowl until smooth; beat egg and vanilla extract into the butter mixture. Add the flour mixture in small amounts to the butter mixture, beating each addition until blended. Form the dough into a ball, wrap with plastic wrap, and refrigerate, at least 1 hour or up to 3 days.

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Grease baking sheets.

Roll the dough out on a floured work surface with a rolling pin to about 1/8-inch thickness. Cut with 2-inch cookie cutters. Arrange the cut cookies onto the prepared baking sheets.

Bake in the preheated oven until the edges begin to brown, 10 to 12 minutes. Allow cookies to cool on the baking sheet for 1 minute before removing to a wire rack to cool completely.