Heat 1 tablespoon olive oil in a skillet over medium heat; cook and stir onion, garlic, jalapeno pepper, and oregano until onions are translucent, 8 to 10 minutes. Cook and stir red bell pepper and corn into onion mixture until red bell pepper is tender, 2 to 4 more minutes.

Mash black beans in a large bowl. Stir vegetable mixture, bread crumbs, chili powder, cilantro, cumin, and salt into mashed black beans. Divide mixture into 4 patties and coat both sides of each patty with flour.

Heat 1 tablespoon olive oil in a skillet over medium heat; cook patties until browned, 5 to 8 minutes on each side.