Set the oven rack about 6 inches from the heat source and preheat the oven's broiler.

Coat asparagus with oil on a baking sheet and arrange in an even layer. Season with salt and black pepper.

Cook under the preheated broiler until lightly browned at the tips, about 15 minutes.

Meanwhile, combine lemon juice, butter, 1 teaspoon salt, and 1 teaspoon black pepper in a microwave-safe bowl. Heat in the microwave on high until butter is completely melted, about 1 minute; stir to combine.

Pour butter mixture over broiled asparagus and toss to coat.